Journal: Lab on a chip

Article Title: A gut-brain axis on-a-chip platform for drug testing challenged with donepezil.

doi: 10.1039/d4lc00273c

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 6 Donepezil transport and toxicity in the PEGASO platform. (a) Plot showing the computational and experimentally determined donepezil transported from the gut OOC to the brain OOC of the PEGASO platform. (b) LDH levels in the intestinal, hepatocytes, vascular and BBB–brain common media in untreated and donepezil treated samples. Mann–Whitney test *: p < 0.05, ns: p > 0.05. (c) % Cytotoxicity vs. control (untreated) condition (drug vehicle alone).

Article Snippet: Gut model. Human primary colonic intestinal cells (iXCells Biotechnologies) and iPSC-derived endothelial cells (iEndo) (Fujifilm Cellular dynamics, Inc) were seeded on the opposite sides of the insert membrane at a cell density of 5 × 104 cells per cm2.

Techniques: MANN-WHITNEY, Control

Journal: Lab on a chip

Article Title: A gut-brain axis on-a-chip platform for drug testing challenged with donepezil.

doi: 10.1039/d4lc00273c

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 7 Cell viability upon donepezil administration in the PEGASO platform. (a) From the top: Live/dead confocal images of intestinal cells, PBMC CD14+ cells, hepatocytes, astrocytes and astrocytes co-cultured with neurons in perfused untreated (left) and donepezil-treated conditions (right). Calcein = green, ethidium = red. Magnification 10×. Scale bar: 100 μm. (b) Quantitative calculation of cellular viability (i.e., vital cells/total cells) among perfused untreated and donepezil-treated conditions. One-way ANOVA and Turkey's multiple comparison post hoc test, ns p > 0.05 Mann–Whitney test. Untreated control samples were administered with DMSO alone, the vehicle of donepezil.

Article Snippet: Gut model. Human primary colonic intestinal cells (iXCells Biotechnologies) and iPSC-derived endothelial cells (iEndo) (Fujifilm Cellular dynamics, Inc) were seeded on the opposite sides of the insert membrane at a cell density of 5 × 104 cells per cm2.

Techniques: Cell Culture, Comparison, MANN-WHITNEY, Control

Journal: Lab on a chip

Article Title: A gut-brain axis on-a-chip platform for drug testing challenged with donepezil.

doi: 10.1039/d4lc00273c

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 8 Evaluation of P-gp multi-drug transporter upon donepezil administration in the PEGASO platform. (a) Z-Stack projection of immunofluorescence confocal microscopy images of (a) intestinal cells (GUT), (b) hepatocytes (LIVER) and (c) astrocytes (BBB) in perfused untreated (up) and donepezil-treated conditions (down). Red = P-gp and blue = Hoechst nuclear staining. Magnification: 10×. Scale bar: 50 μm. (b) Fluorescence intensity ratio of P-gp with Hoechst. Analysis was carried out on 3 independent fields for each shown condition. Untreated control samples were administered with DMSO alone, the vehicle of donepezil.

Article Snippet: Gut model. Human primary colonic intestinal cells (iXCells Biotechnologies) and iPSC-derived endothelial cells (iEndo) (Fujifilm Cellular dynamics, Inc) were seeded on the opposite sides of the insert membrane at a cell density of 5 × 104 cells per cm2.

Techniques: Immunofluorescence, Confocal Microscopy, Staining, Fluorescence, Control

Journal: Lab on a chip

Article Title: A gut-brain axis on-a-chip platform for drug testing challenged with donepezil.

doi: 10.1039/d4lc00273c

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 9 Cell functionality upon donepezil administration in the PEGASO platform. (a) TEER values of the intestinal–endothelial barrier in perfused untreated and donepezil-treated samples. (b) and (c) Albumin and urea production of hepatocytes. (d) TEER values of the BBB. (e) AChE levels in neurons in perfused untreated and donepezil-treated conditions. ns p > 0.5. * = p < 0.05 Mann–Whitney test. Untreated control samples were administered with DMSO alone, the vehicle of donepezil.

Article Snippet: Gut model. Human primary colonic intestinal cells (iXCells Biotechnologies) and iPSC-derived endothelial cells (iEndo) (Fujifilm Cellular dynamics, Inc) were seeded on the opposite sides of the insert membrane at a cell density of 5 × 104 cells per cm2.

Techniques: MANN-WHITNEY, Control

Journal: PloS one

Article Title: The intestine plays a substantial role in human vitamin B6 metabolism: a Caco-2 cell model.

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0054113

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 2. Expression of the enzymes involved in vitamin B6 metabolism in human cell lines and tissue lysates. Actin was used as a loading control (cell lysates only). Depicted are representations of at least duplicates. PK = pyridoxal kinase. PNPO = pyridox(am)ine phosphate oxidase. PLP-Ph = PLP-phosphatase. Small Int = small intestine. HepG2 = HepG2 cells. Caco-2 = Caco-2 cells. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0054113.g002

Article Snippet: Human normal whole tissue lysates of small intestine, colon and liver (5.0 mg/mL) in a buffer with protease inhibitor cocktail were purchased from Novus Biologicals.

Techniques: Expressing, Control

Journal: Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)

Article Title: Mild Hyperuricemia Attenuates Salt-Sensitive Hypertension and Kidney Damage

doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.125.25550

Figure Lengend Snippet: Oxidative stress in the kidney. A , Differentially expressed (DE) genes known to affect the synthesis of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress in male rats. B , Western blot for AKR1B10 expression in the kidney and its quantification in male and female rats. C , Representative images of paraffin-embedded 8-OxodG-stained kidney and the quantification of the fluorescence intensity of the staining in male age-matched Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats fed a normal diet (healthy control), Dahl SS rats fed a high-salt (HS) diet, or Dahl SS rats fed a HS/oxonic acid diet. D , Representative images of optimal cutting temperature (OCT)-embedded 8-OxodG-stained kidney of the female Dahl SS rats fed a HS diet, or Dahl SS rats fed a HS/oxonic acid diet. Red-8OxodG, blue- nuclei. Values are shown as mean±SEM. An unpaired t test was used. P value **<0.01, ****<0.0001. Parts of the figure are created using BioRender.com.

Article Snippet: The membrane was first incubated with primary antibody for AKR1B10 (Cat# 18252-1-AP, Proteintech, Rosemont, IL) at 1:5000, then with a secondary antibody (Cat# 711-035-152, Peroxidase AffiniPure Donkey Anti-Rabbit IgG, Jackson ImmunoResearch Laboratories Inc., West Grove, PA) at 1:10000 in 2% BSA in Tris-buffered saline with Tween-20 (TBST).

Techniques: Western Blot, Expressing, Staining, Fluorescence, Control